Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a digestive disorder that can occur when stomach acid frequently flows into the esophagus. We have a muscle called the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) that should prevent acid and stomach contents from traveling backward from the stomach. However, when the LES is not working properly, or the anatomy between the stomach and esophagus is altered, stomach acid can travel into the esophagus. This phenomenon is called acid reflux.
When acid reflux occurs frequently or causes associated symptoms, it is called GERD. The most common symptom is heartburn. Keep in mind that not everyone who experiences heartburn has GERD. Next, I’ll explain when a digestive health specialist should evaluate those experiencing recurring reflux symptoms.
When to See a Doctor?
If your reflux symptoms give you trouble, wake you up at night, or interfere with your quality of life. If you are experiencing an associated alarm symptom like burning chest discomfort, a hoarse voice, abdominal or chest pain, pain or difficulty swallowing, or unintentional weight loss — see a doctor!
Reflux: Endoscopic Treatment Options
Dr. Yepuri is one of a few doctors in DFW who can perform non-surgical endoscopic procedures to treat GERD. He has received specialized mentored training to achieve certification to perform both the TIF and Stretta procedures.
TIF-trained physicians can restore your esophageal valve’s natural shape, location, and effectiveness with a non-surgical procedure, stopping reflux.
Stretta is a minimally invasive, non-surgical endoscopic procedure that significantly reduces GERD symptoms, allowing most patients to eliminate or significantly decrease the use of anti-reflux medications.
Reflux: Endoscopic Treatment Options
Dr. Yepuri is one of a few doctors in DFW who can perform non-surgical endoscopic procedures to treat GERD. He has received specialized mentored training to achieve certification to perform both the TIF and Stretta procedures.
TIF-trained physicians can restore your esophageal valve’s natural shape, location, and effectiveness with a non-surgical procedure, stopping reflux.
Stretta is a minimally invasive, non-surgical endoscopic procedure that significantly reduces GERD symptoms, allowing most patients to eliminate or significantly decrease the use of anti-reflux medications.
GERD Frequently Asked Questions
What does GERD feel like?
The primary symptoms are heartburn and the sensation of acid backing up into your throat or mouth. Other symptoms are hoarseness, pain in the chest, sore throat, bad breath, and difficulty swallowing.
Are GERD symptoms constant?
No. However, reflux symptoms experienced by those with GERD can vary significantly in duration.
Where is GERD pain felt?
Symptoms are felt in the epigastric, throat, and/or chest areas.
Are GERD and acid reflux the same?
No. Acid reflux is a condition where stomach acid and stomach contents flow up into the esophagus. GERD is a gastrointestinal condition that can occur with reflux on a more frequent basis.
What causes GERD?
Laxity of the LES and/or a compromise of the anatomic relationship between the esophagus and stomach are typical risk factors.
What are the risk factors of GERD?
Conditions and factors that can increase your risk of GERD include:
- Hiatal hernia
- Obesity
- Nervous system problems
- Smoking
- Eating foods or drinking beverages that trigger symptoms
- Lying down after eating
How is GERD diagnosed?
The initial best way to assess for damage to your esophagus is with an upper endoscopy (EGD). This procedure allows your gastroenterologist to visualize and evaluate the esophagus lining. Biopsies can be taken if necessary to further assess for changes on a microscopic level. The EGD results and a history of symptoms and physical examination are essential for a diagnosis.
Who treats GERD?
While you can see your primary care physician or internist for GERD, gastroenterologists have the most expertise due to their extensive training in disorders of the GI tract. Surgeons are also involved when surgical options for GERD treatment are being considered.
Will GERD go away by itself?
In less severe cases, lifestyle changes and avoiding foods that can trigger reflux symptoms may be enough to eliminate GERD. When these changes are not successful, symptoms can often be controlled with medications like antacids, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors.
The key is to seek evaluation and treatment from a doctor and not to put yourself at risk for more severe conditions.
Can GERD be cured permanently?
Once the LES or the anatomy of the junction of the esophagus and stomach is compromised, completely normal function cannot return on its own. Medications and lifestyle changes can effectively help lessen reflux symptoms. However, surgical options are the only way to restore the barrier preventing reflux. These options should be discussed with your doctor to evaluate if they are a good fit for your condition.
Can GERD or acid reflux kill me?
GERD is not life-threatening. However, if left untreated, it can increase your risk of developing esophageal cancer.
What foods should you avoid if you have GERD?
Avoid foods that are high in fat, fried, or spicy. Avoid alcohol, chocolates, and mints. Also, avoid caffeine.
How can I treat GERD naturally?
Natural ways used to lessen reflux symptoms are:
- If you’re overweight, it can help to reduce belly fat by losing weight. Too much belly fat can put pressure on the LES and the junction of the esophagus and stomach, leading to increased reflux.
- Elevate the head of your bed. This will significantly reduce reflux episodes at night.
- Try chewing gum. This can help reduce acidity in the esophagus by promoting its clearance.
- Baking soda helps to neutralize stomach acid. Mix 1 teaspoon with 8 ounces of water.
- Limit alcohol. Alcohol can increase the amount of stomach acid produced and weaken the LES. Start by lessening intake, and if symptoms are not better, try eliminating entirely for a few weeks to see if that helps ease symptoms.
- Limit carbonated beverages and citrus juices.
What is the best medicine for GERD?
Infrequent symptoms can be treated with an over-the-counter H2 blocker. This medication lessens the amount of acid produced by your stomach. More chronic reflux symptoms (occurring more than 2 times a week) will likely benefit from a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). While H2 blockers only block histamine type 2 activity, PPIs are a stronger, longer-lasting acid-suppressive agent that more potently blocks acid production at its source.